Friday, April 22, 2011

Metaficsean agus an Scéalaí Neamhiontaofa in Fontenoy, le Liam Mac Cóil --Metafiction and the Unreliable Narrator in Liam Mac Cóil's Fontenoy

Metaficsean agus an Scéalaí Neamhiontaofa in Fontenoy, le Liam Mac Cóil
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Brian Ó Broin


Ní aon rud nua an metaficsean sa Bhéarla, ach tá claontacht ina aghaidh i litríocht na Gaeilge. Fadhb é seo a bhaineann leis an teanga, a léitheoirí, agus go fiú a scríbhneoirí. Ós iad foghlaimeoirí an chuid is mó de léitheoirí na Gaeilge, is beag ama atá acu do chleasaíocht bhreise ón údar. Tá fírinne sa scéal, nó níl.
Sin an fáth go raibh fáilte dhoicheallach roimh Cré na Cille, le Máirtín Ó Cadhain, nuair a foilsíodh é i 1949. Ní hamháin go raibh an Ghaeilge doléite do mhórchuid na léitheoirí, ach ní raibh an léitheoir in ann muinín ar bith a bheith aige sna scéalaithe ach oiread.
Ní bréagadóirí ná geilt iad na scéalaithe in Fontenoy, ámh. Uaireanta is deacair a dhéanamh amach an ann do scéalaí in aon chor. An é rud é nach bhfuil sa leabhar ach píosa grinn - scigmhagadh faoi chriticeoirí agus lucht léinn?
Cuirtear teicníc an cheamara i leith an Chadhnaigh i gcuid mhaith dá scéalta, agus ní féidir sin a shéanadh. Tá tionchar ag an cinéma ar Fontenoy, freisin, ach sa chás seo, ní an ceamara atá i gceist, ach an scéalaí. Is léir go bhfuil tionchar nach beag ag script-scríbhneoirí mar Charlie Kaufman, a bhfuil osréalachas agus ról an scríbhneora ina obair féin le braistint go mór. .

"Sealbhú na Gaeilge i Naonáin ar Cainteoirí Dúchais Ilteangacha Iad: Anailís ar Chomhréir agus Deilbhíocht" -- Irish Language Acquisition in Multiling

"Sealbhú na Gaeilge i Naonáin ar Cainteoirí Dúchais Ilteangacha Iad: Anailís ar Chomhréir agus Deilbhíocht" -- Irish Language Acquisition in Multilingual Children - Analysis of Morphology and Syntax

Is annamh a úsáideann fiú cainteoirí dúchais an séimhiú ná ant-urú an t-am ar fad. Go deimhin, ag brath ar cheantar tógála an chainteora dúchais, is féidir le gnéanna áirithe deilbhíochta titim i gcártaí idir 6% agus 66% den am. Cainteoirí dúchais Gaeltachta is mó a aimsíonn an 6%, ach tá sé suntasach go gcailleann fiú siadsan 6% de uruithe agus seimhithe ina gcaint.
Breathnaíonn an páipéar seo ar bheirt chainteoir dúchais Gaeilge idir 2 bhliain agus 5 bliana d'aois agus iad ag teacht i dtír ar dheilbhíocht agus comhréir na Gaeilge. Cad iad na gnéanna is túisce a phioctar suas agus cad iad na cinn is déanaí? Cad iad na cinn nach bhfuil pioctha suas acu in aon chor faoi aois a cúig, agus cén comparáid is féidir a dhéanamh leis na teangacha eile atá á sealbhú ag na páistí seo? Cén uair is féidir linn a rá go bhfuil gné áirithe "sealbhuithe" ag páiste?
Sa chás áirithe seo, teaghlach ina labhraíonn tuismitheoir amháin Gaeilge leis na páistí, cén bhaint atá ag ionchur na Gaeilge leis an aschur ó na páistí iad féin, agus ós é seo gnáth-mhúnla an teaghlaigh Ghaelaigh sa lá atá inniu ann, go háirithe sna cathracha, cad iad na himpleachtaí don Ghaeilge amach anseo?

"The Acquisition of Irish in Multilingual Native Speakers of Irish: An Analysis of their Syntax and Morphology"
Brian Ó Broin
William Paterson University, New Jersey

It is rare that even native speakers use eclipsis or lenition all the time. In fact, depending on where the native speaker was raised, certain morphological processes can be deleted between 6% and 66%. Native speakers from the Gaeltacht are those who most closely approach 6%, but it is noteworthy that not even they produce all eclipses and lenitions that might be expected.
This paper analyzes two native speakers of Irish between the ages of 2 and 5 as they learn the morphology and syntax of Irish. What do they pick up first, and what do they pick up last? What are the ones not yet picked up by age 5, and what comparison can be made with the other languages that these children are acquiring? When can one say that a particular feature has been "acquired"?
In this particular case, a household in which one parent speaks Irish to the children, what connection is there between parental input and child-language output? And since this is the typical make-up of the average Irish-speaking household at the moment, what are the implications for the Irish language?

Ailithrech Peregrinatio Pilgrimage Early Irish Medieval Monasticism

http://wpunj.academia.edu/Brian%C3%93Broin/Talks/40697/_Pilgrimage_in_deed_but_perhaps_not_word_The_Ailithrech_as_Servant_of_Rome._

The ailithrech, probably inspired by the eremitical escapes of early Egyptian saints, was a stock character in early Irish Christianity. The Romanisation of the Irish church caused a shift in monastic practice, stressing communal life rather than that of the hermit. Yet ailithre continued. Just as the Roman church repurposed pagan deities, it also repurposed the eastern side of early Irish christianity by altering institutions such as ailithre. Henceforth the ailithrech was to be understood less as a hermit and more as a missionary. Irish holy men, who several generations previously would have made ailithre on a remote island, were now expected to make their (now Romanised) peregrinatio abroad to convert pagan lands, turning their backs on Ireland and offering up their missionary work for the love of God.
This paper examines the shifting meaning of the word ailithre from Old Irish right through to the modern Irish oilithre, questioning the conventional translation of the word as "journey to a foreign land" and examining the Latin index peregrinatio as it shadows the word right through to the modern day.